東京大学農学部演習林報告, 121, 149–172 (2009)
 
放鳥直前期におけるトキ放鳥への住民意識
-佐渡市全域のアンケート調査から


本田裕子

How do the local people think about the Release of
Toki (Nipponia nippon) just before the Release?
- From the Questionnaire Survey in whole Sado-city


Yuko HONDA*
 
* 東京大学大学院農学生命科学研究科 現:千葉県生物多様性センター
* Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba Biodiversity Center (now)
  

  
要     旨


 2008年9月25日に行なわれたトキの放鳥を住民がどのように捉えているのか,放鳥直前である2008年8月に佐渡市全域住民を対象にアンケート調査を行なった。回答者の抽出は,無作為抽出により20 歳から79 歳までの男女1,000人とした。郵送により2008年8月に行ない,回収数は567通であった。アンケート調査の結果,回答者の多くがトキの放鳥を肯定的に捉えていた。放鳥の賛否も,回答者の60%が賛成であったが,一方で「どちらともいえない」と留保する回答は30%であった。その背景ともいえる放鳥に関する心配は,農業関連の心配(34%)よりも放鳥が成功するかどうか(69%)が上回っていた。かつてトキを野生下で目撃した割合は全体の21%と多くはないが,放鳥賛成の理由に「もともと野生の鳥だから」が最も選ばれていた。そして,トキは「地域の象徴」や「自然環境の象徴」という捉え方が多く,「経済効果を生み出すもの」という捉え方は比較して少なかった。筆者がコウノトリの放鳥直後に実施したアンケート調査も同様の示唆を与えている。

キーワード: トキ・野生復帰(放鳥)・新潟県佐渡市・住民意識・アンケート調査


 
Summary
  
 How did people perceive the release of the toki (Nipponia nippon, Asian crested ibis) on 25 September 2008 and have their perceptions been changed by the release? These questions were investigated using a mail questionnaire targeting people in Sado City in August 2008. A sample of 1,000 people was picked randomly from the 20 to 79 year age group. There were 567 responses. The results showed that most people had a good impression of the toki release with almost 60% saying they appreciated it. Only 30% neither agreed nor disagreed with the release. Worries about the release mainly consisted of the success of the release rather than any increase in the damage to agriculture. Many people were worried about the harm done by martens to the released toki. Only 21% of people questioned had seen the wild toki, but the biggest reason for supporting the release was given as “The toki are basically wild animals”. Many people treated toki as a local symbol or a symbol of nature, and only a few saw it as something for making money. The same result has been derived from questionnaire research on White Storks in Toyooka City. The releases in the past have been undertaken far from villages. This toki release is the second time that it has been done near to villages, just after the white stork release. This research is based on the questionnaire just before the release. Follow-up research will undertaken to compare the results of two questionnaires between just before and just after the release.

Key words: Toki (Nipponia nippon), Re-introduction (Release), Sado city, Niigata prefecture, Local people’s consciousness, Questionnaire survey



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